What is CALL? Computer Assisted Language Learning may be defined as the search for and study of applications of the computer in language teaching and learning.

• CAI - Computer Assisted Instruction suggests only one role of the computer, exemplified

in drill-and -practice and tutorial materials and computer as a tutor.

• CALL - a general term to cover all roles of computer in language learning and computer as

a tool, tutor.

1. Learners can have opportunities to interact and negotiate meaning.

- supplementing software with external document.

- using software with built-in interactivity.

- teaching learners with computer networks for a communication with others

inside and outside the classroom.

2. Learners can be involved in authentic tasks with authentic audiences.

- using E-mail.

- involving in electronic discussion.

- finding keypals.

- participating in on-line projects on the World Wide Web.

3. Learners autonomy can be supported.

- authorable software - programs that can be customized by adding data to fit specific

learners' needs.

- authoring software - tools within the software to make it of what learner want it to.

4. Learners can be exposed to and encouraged to produce varied and creative language.

- using multimedia ( texts, pictures, graphics,animation, video,sound as well as scrolled,

highlightened texts)

focus on Input - listening ,vocabulary, reading hollistically.

focus on Output - writing, conversation.

5. Language teachers can address learners' various learning styles.

Reading electronic documents.

Using search engines and downloading files.

Listening on-line.

Receiving simulcasts.

Lurking on a list.

Producing formulaic, short writings.

Producing short answers on electronic quizzes.

Commentating on other students' writing.

Playing simulation games on-line.

Telephoning in to satellite broadcasts.

Creating a World Wide Web page.

Holding asynchronous text-based conversations.

Holding synchronous text-based conversations.

Participating in audio exchanges.

Videoconferencing.

Talking a distance-learning courses.

References

Miky Levy. (1997), Computer-Assisted Language Learning : Context and Conceptualization. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Joy Egbert, Elizabeth Hanson-Smith. (1999), CALL Environment : Research, Practice, and Critical Issues. Alexandria, VA : TESOL.